Archive Record

Metadata

Object ID

1987.126.001

Object Name

Fonds

Scope & Content

Lester Hargrett, born in Tifton, Georgia, 30 May 1902, received his degree from the University of Georgia where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He had a deep and lasting interest in the history of the American Indians, especially the Indians of the Southeast and the Southwest. To the subject he brought scholarship of a high order and exceptional skill in bibliographical work. For many years he was the only scholar in his field of study. From 1935 to 1947 he resided in Washington, D.C., where he carried on his historical and bibliographical work, and during those years he carefully collected printed and manuscript materials relating to the American Indian. In time his collection became the largest and most valuable in the country.
From 1947 to 1949 Hargrett served as the second director of the Gilcrease Institute. After leaving the Institute he moved to Tallahassee, Florida, where he died in February of 1962.

INVENTORY:
Box 1, Folder 1:
l. DOUBLEHEAD. "The Estate of Doublehead in account with Thomas N. Clark." 1801-1810, Manuscript, 14 pp. Doublehead was the celebrated Cherokee chief who was killed in 1807 in accordance with a decree of the chiefs of the Nation, Major Ridge being selected as executioner.
Clark ran a trading establishment which apparently dealt in everything--general merchandise, Negro slaves, livestock, skins and furs, whiskey, etc. Hundreds of purchases, priced in British currency and totalling 1790 pounds, are itemized in detail.
The document throws valuable and unexpected light on the social and economic life of a well-to-do Cherokee planter, slave owner, and chief of an early period.

2. RETURN J. MEIGS. Manuscript record book, 22 pp. A true copy, certified by Meigs, of the Washington Treaty of 1806 between the United States and the Cherokee Nation; a power of attorney (original) from Doublehead to John D. Chisolm, dated "at the Garrison at Highwassee," 12 June 1807, and witnessed by William L. Lovely, Cherokee Agent, and by Return J. Meigs, Agent of the War Department and for the Cherokees; articles of organization of the Tennessee Company for the establishment of a settlement at Muscle Shoals, adopted at Greensborough, Georgia, 3 August 1807; minutes of a meeting of the Committee of the company at Greensborough, 16 October 1807; a list of the Tennessee company's share-holders with the number of shares owned by each; and Minutes of a Meeting of the Committee of the Tennessee Company, 1 April 1809

3. J. MEIGS. Autograph document signed. "L p. Dated Highwassee, 28 August 1807, and signed: J. Meigs, Clerk for Return J. Meigs
Certifies that the Cherokee chiefs granted to John Brown "the use of the Island at the mouth of the Holston"

4. JOHN D. CHISOLM, SEQUOHEY, AND THIRTEEN OTHER CHEROKEES. Manuscript document signed. 3 pp. 1808
A confirmation of the lease by John D. Chisolm, acting as agent for the late Doublehead, of a tract of land at Muscle Shoals to the Tennessee Company. Doublehead had been killed the year before, partly, no doubt, for his role in this transaction.
One of the signers of this document was Sequohey who signed with the mark X, and the interesting strong possibility arises that this man was the famous Sequoyah.

5. CHARLES HICKS, W. ADAIR, GOING SNAKE, RABBIT SLEEP, DREADFUL WATER, AND ECOOWEE TO THE GLASS AND TALONATISKA. Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated Fortville, 27 May 1809. A communication by members of the National Committee relating to the payment of John Broder "for keeping the line clear of encroachments from the whites"

6. RETURN J. MEIGS TO THE PRINCIPAL CHIEFS OF THE CHEROKEE NATION. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Highwassee Garrison, 5 December 1810 Urges the Cherokees to cede to the State of Georgia "a tract of land lying on the Chattahuchee adjoining the land called Wafford's Settlement"

7. CHARLES R. HICKS. Autograph document signed. 1 p. Dated New Town (New Echota), 29 October 1820, Also signature of John Ross
The National Committee's ruling on the Crutchfield will; the document is attested by A. McCoy, Clerk of the National Committee.

8. PATH KILLER, CHARLES R. HICKS, AND OTHERS. Manuscript document signed. 1 p. Dated New Town (New Echota), 31 October 1810. A decision "in open council" on the matter of the Crutchfield will. Signed in autograph by the following members of the National Committee: Path Killer, Charles R. Hicks, Chuluoa, Tyger, Chickasawlah, Chulamawa, Shoe Boots, Tealiskee, and Big Half Breed. The document is attested by A. McCoy, Clerk of the National Committee On the REVERSE SIDE appears the following: JOSEPH McMINN, Autograph document signed. 1 p. Dated New Town (New Echota), 16 October 1823. Certifies the authenticity of the "foregoing proceedings" and states that the signers comprehend and embrace the highest authority known to exist under the present form of (Cherokee) government"

9. CHEROKEE (a Cherokee Indian). Manuscript document signed. 2 pp. c. 1820 Defendant's appeal to the Supreme Court of the Cherokee Nation from a decision of the Circuit Court of Taquoee District in the case of Culstaye vs. Cherokee, "an action brought for the recovery of a certain Red Cow and calf and six years increase" The document is in the handwriting of and is signed by James D. Wafford, and was "sworn to and inscribed" before him.
James D. Wafford was the well-known translator, the commander of a detachment of Cherokees in the removal, and in his old age one of the principal informants of James Mooney, the great authority on the tribe.

10. JOHN ROSS, PATH KILLER, GOING SNAKE, AND CHICKASAWTCHEE. Manuscript document signed. 1 p. John Ross signed as President of the National Committee; the others signed as members of the National Committee. Signed also by Elijah Hicks, Clerk of the National Committee and by A. McCoy, Clerk for the National Council. Authorizing John Brown and Nathan Hicks "to open and cut out a road from Doherty's thro' the Gap to Tennessee River below the Suck and to establish a ferry on said River"

11. DAVID BROWN. Autograph document signed. 2 pp. 1822. A long list of itemized purchases by various Cherokees of blankets ($5 each), cloth (.50 a yard), whiskey ($4 a gallon), and "marine shells ($4 each)."
David Brown, evidently engaged at this time in itinerant trade, was one of the earliest Cherokee converts to Christianity. He was the brother of Catharine Brown who is even more celebrated for her Christian piety. David Brown was later to make the first translation of the New Testament into syllabary.

12. JOHN ROSS TO W.K. GARINEAU. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Rossville, Cherokee Nation, 1 December 1823 States that George Lowrey, Major Ridge, Elijah Hicks, and he have been appointed a delegation to visit Washington on tribal business and reports that John Brown and his wife and daughter, Susan, have removed to the Arkansas, Walter Webber having conducted them there. The letter is franked: "Free. Jno. Ross, P.M."

13 . HUGH LAWSON WHITE TO JOHN ROSS. Autograph letter signed. 39 pp. Dated 26 April 1824
In rendering a legal opinion which Ross has requested, the well-known Tennessee jurist and future United States senator exhaustively reviews Cherokee treaty relations with the United States and examines the acts of Congress governing trade and traders in the Cherokee country. Judge White was no stranger to the Cherokees; he had participated in the expedition against the tribe under General Sevier in 1793.

14. JAMES K. POLK, SAM HOUSTON, JOHN H. EATON, AND OTHERS. Manuscript document signed (copy). 1 p. Dated Washington, 13 March 1826
Recommending Benjamin F. Currey, subsequently Superintendent of Cherokee Removals, for appointment as postmaster at Nashville, Tennessee, and testifying to his ability and character.

15. ABRAHAM STEINER TO CHARLES R. HICKS. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Salem, North Carolina, 16 September 1826, and addressed to Charles R. Hicks, Fortville, Care of the Reverend John R. Smith, Postmaster, Springplace, Cherokee Nation. Observations on the Sequoyah syllabary and advice on press and types for the proposed Cherokee printing press with a copy (4 pp.) of a letter to him by Richard Ronaldson, Philadelphia type founder
The Reverend Abraham Steiner was the first Protestant missionary to the Cherokees. He established the famous and influential Moravian
mission at Spring Place in present Murray County, Georgia, in 1801.

16. ABRAHAM STEINER TO CHARLES R. HICKS. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Salem, North Carolina, 2 October 1826, and addressed to Charles R. Hicks, Fortville, Care of the Reverend John R. Smith, Spring Place, Cherokee Nation. Steiner elaborates his ideas on the kind of printing press and the character and quantity of types needed for the proposed Cherokee tribal press.

17. GEORGE LOWREY TO CHARLES R. HICKS. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Lowrey sends Hicks "A List of the number of Cherokee alphabetic characters in the third chapter of St. John" (1 p.) and a similar list (1 p.) for the first three chapters of Genesis. The Sequoyan characters and their numbers are arranged in tabular form. These lists which were necessarily compiled from the manuscript translations made by the native, David Brown, were made for the purpose of ascertaining the quantities of Sequoyan types which would be required for the proposed Cherokee tribal press.

18. MEMORIAL OF THE CHEROKEES. New Echota, 1829. Printed broadside; text in syllabary and in English. Dated December, 1829
A protest by the Cherokee people against the State of Georgia's extension of her laws over the Indian country -- A very rare and striking example of New Echota printing

19. CHEROKEE PHOENIX EXTRA. New Echota, 24 July 1830. Printed broadside. Wholly devoted to the Address of the Committee and Council of the Cherokee Nation in General Council convened to the People of the United States

20. A LIST OF PERSONS ENTITLED TO A DRAW OR DRAWS IN THE GOLD REGION IN CAPTAIN PETERSON'S DISTRICT: MONTGOMERY COUNTY, GEORGIA. Manuscript document. 12 pp. Dated 2 July 1832

Folder 2:
21. WILSON LUMPKIN, GOVERNOR OF GEORGIA, TO COL. WILLIAM HARDIN. Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated Milledgeville, Georgia, 13 July 1833
Appoints Hardin to assist Maj. Benjamin F. Currey in the enrollment of Cherokee Indians for removal

22. JOSEPH M. LYNCH (a Cherokee Indian). Manuscript document signed, l p. Dated 3 September 1833
A deposition regarding the settlement of the estate of a Cherokee descendent; notarized by James C. Martin, Judge of Amoah District

23. BENJAMIN F. CURREY TO COL. H. MONTGOMERY. Autograph letter signed ("Copy," in Currey's handwriting). 2 pp. On the publication in The Cherokee Phoenix of a letter to Currey from the War Department surreptitiously copied and printed without his permission and strictures on the character of Samuel McConnell, a supposed agent of the government who had been active among the Cherokees

24. H. MONTGOMERY, CHEROKEE AGENT. Autograph document signed. 1 p. Dated Cherokee Agency, 20 February 1834 Certifies that Maj. Benjamin F. Currey is authorized "to pledge the Government for the payment of the just debts of all the (Cherokee) Emigrants to the half of the amount of their improvements, to be paid immediately after the Emigrant arrives at the Western Agency..."

25. JAMES STANDIFER TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed (contemporary copy, certified) . 2 pp. Dated Washington, 5 March 1834, and addressed to Major Currey, Calhoun, E. Tennessee. On the complaints lodged against Currey by John Walker and observations on the plans and prospects of the Cherokee delegation then visiting Washington

26. JAMES STANDIFER TO JOHN WALKER (a
Cherokee Indian). Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated Washington, B.C., 6 April 1834, and addressed to John Walker, Calhoun, E. Tennessee
Urges Walker to file complaints against Currey with the President--says President Jackson is determined that "no man shall remain in his service who will not discharge his duty well and treat the Cherokees well."

27. SAM HOUSTON TO ANDREW ROSS. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated 29 April 1834. Signed: Houston A testimonial to the ability, honesty, and faithfulness of Benjamin F. Currey, Superintendent of Cherokee Removal --His removal from service with the Cherokees, Houston declares, would be "an act of most glaring and outrageous injustice."

28. HUGH LAWSON WHITE, UNITED STATES SENATOR FROM TENNESSEE, TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Knoxville, Tennessee, 29 August 1834, and addressed to Benjamin F. Currey, Cherokee Enrolling Agent
On matters connected with the appraisal of improvements in the Cherokee Nation

29. BENJAMIN F. CURREY TO HON. HUGH L. WHITE. Autograph letter signed (copy, in Currey's handwriting). 3 pp. Dated Cherokee Agency, 12 September 1834, and addressed to Hon. H.L. White, Knoxville, Tennessee
On the activities of enrolling and appraising agents in the Cherokee Nation

30. MAJOR RIDGE, JOHN RIDGE, JOHN FIELDS, Jr., CHARLES H. VANN, T.J. PACK TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Head of Coosa, Cherokee Nation, 6 May 1835, and addressed to Benjamin F. Currey, Superintendent of Cherokee Removals --Major Ridge and John Fields, Jr. signed by mark (X) ; the others by signature. The writers assert that the airing of charges against officers engaged in the 1834 removals had retarded emigration. They ascribe the whole trouble to John Ross and his themselves...capable...of throwing obstacles in the way of a treaty and the removal of the tribe by detached parties."

31. WILLIAM M. DAVIS, ENROLLING AND APPRAISING AGENT, TO MAJOR BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Cherokee Agency East, 6 May 1835 Testifies to the rectitude of Currey's conduct in the 1834 Cherokee emigration and ascribes the criticism of Currey to "a spirit of malice and envy towards you and the officers associated with you" --He believes that this criticism has done great injury to the service and to the efforts of the government to promote removal.

32. REVEREND J.R. SCHERMERHORN, UNITED STATES TREATY COMMISSIONER TO THE CHEROKEES. Public notice summoning the Cherokee people to a council at Red Clay in October, 1835. New Echota, 1835 Printed broadside; text in the Sequoyan syllabary; an extremely rare example of New Echota printing

33. JOHN HOWARD PAYNE TO "SIR". Original holograph letter. 6 pp. folio containing about 3,500 words. Dated Cherokee Nation, near Tennessee border, Sunday, 11 October 1835
The letter bears the following endorsement in the handwriting of Benjamin F. Currey, Superintendent of Cherokee Removals: "A communication written by Mr. Payne."
This magnificent letter by the world-famous author of "Home, Sweet Home" is easily one of the most spectacular and romantic original documents in the whole range of Cherokee history, and the unrelieved severity of its excoriation of the United States government and the State of Georgia for their heartless and rapacious treatment of the Cherokee people simultaneously stamps it as one of the most eloquent and important pleadings of the Cherokee cause ever written. The letter comes to a natural conclusion and appears to be the completed text as Payne envisioned it although it lacks the usual concluding epistolary formalities and signature. The explanation of this lies in the circumstance that the author was forcibly deprived of the opportunity to add concluding amenities and his signature, this very document being among those seized at the home of Principal Chief John Ross when Payne was summarily arrested by the Georgia Guard.

34. MAP OF THE CHEROKEE COUNTRY. C. 1835, not signed. Manuscript, colored. An important map which designates a number of settlements, forts, and residences of prominent Cherokees

35. BENJAMIN F. CURREY, SPECIAL AGENT, TO THE EDITOR OF MINOR'S RECORDER. Autograph letter signed (copy, in Currey's handwriting). 2 pp. Not dated but c. 1835
A report on his investigation of the suicide of one Lowny or Robbin, a Cherokee charged with murder while a prisoner of the Georgia Guard at Dahlonega

36. J. ANDERSON TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated Cassville, Georgia, 16 February 1836 On the activities of Samuel McConnell, supposed secret agent of the government in its negotiations with the Cherokees

37. ABSALOM BISHOP. Manuscript document signed. 2 pp. Dated Murray County, Georgia, 10 February 1836 On the intrigues at the Red Clay council ground, the activities of McConnell, and the efforts of John Howard Payne to prevent the negotiation of a treaty with the Cherokees

38. WILLIAM N. BISHOP, CLERK SUPERIOR COURT, MURRAY COUNTY, GEORGIA. Autograph letter signed. 4 pp. 11 February 1836 An important account of John Howard Payne's activities at the Red Clay council -- Among other things, Bishop reported that some of the Indians entertained the quixotic notion that Payne "came from their old Father, the King of England, and was to see the Cherokee people righted."

39. JOSHUA HOLDEN TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Murray County, Georgia, 11 February 1836 Charges that John Howard Payne encouraged open resistance on the part of the Cherokees at the Red Clay council in October, 1835, and asserts that Currey suggested to Sergeant Young of the Georgia Guard a forcible examination of the papers on which Payne and Principal Chief John Ross had been working

40. COL. C.H. NELSON TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Polecat Springs, Cherokee County, Georgia,
12 February 1836 Declares that John Howard Payne at the Red Clay council in October, 1835, predicted a day of retribution for the wrongs done the Cherokee people, that he was on intimate terms with John Ross and the Ross party, and that he openly opposed the treaty efforts of the government

Folder 3:
41. G.W. UNDERWOOD TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated 15 February 1836
On the activities of John Howard Payne and Principal Chief John Ross at the Red Clay council in October, 1835

42. JAMES M. SPULLOCK. Manuscript document signed. 2 pp. Dated Cassville, Georgia, 16 February 1836
Reports a conversation with John T. Adair, a prominent Cherokee Indian, on Senator Hugh L. White's friendly attitude toward the Cherokees

43. REZIN RAWLINGS TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated DeKalb County, Alabama, 18 February 1836 On the activities of John Howard Payne, John Ross, Andrew Ross, Lewis Ross, Samuel McConnell, and others at the Red Clay council in October, 1835 -- He charges Payne with eavesdropping on the United States commissioners and touches upon the dark intrigues and mutual suspicions which characterized the council. Appended is a statement by Andrew Ross regarding some abolition tracts sent by unknown persons in New York to prominent Cherokees.

44. A.B. WEIR TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Murray County, Georgia, 22 February 1836 Relates to the supposed secret and confidential agency of Samuel McConnell; his activities in the Cherokee country; and his part in the arrest of Walker, the Georgia surveyor, in 1832

45. JAMES McNAIR. Manuscript document signed. I p. Dated McMinn County, Tennessee, 23 February 1836 An affidavit on the arrest of Brown, the Georgia surveyor, and John Ross's part in the affair; notarized by Benjamin F. Currey

46. JAMES PETTITT. Manuscript document signed. 1 p. Dated McMinn County, Tennessee, 24 February 1836 An affidavit on the arrest of Georgia surveyors in the Cherokee Nation; Notarized by Benjamin F. Currey, Superintendent of Cherokee Removals

47. CALEB STARR TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY, SUPERINTENDENT OF CHEROKEE REMOVALS. Letter signed. 2 pp. Dated McMinn County, Tennessee, 29 February 1836 On the activities of Samuel McConnell, the supposed secret agent of the government among the Cherokees -- Caleb Starr was a white man married to a Cherokee woman.

48. WILLIAM Y. HANSELL TO MAJOR BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 4 pp. Dated Washington, D.C., 1 March 1836 A long, important, and highly interesting account of the part played by John Howard Payne in the treaty negotiations at Red Clay

49. A.R.S. HUNTER TO BENJAMIN S. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated Huntington, Macon County, North Carolina, 3 March 1836
On the activities of Lewis Ross; the attitude of Senator Hugh L. White toward the treaty negotiations; the purpose of John Howard Payne's visit to the Cherokees; and the intrigues at the annual Cherokee council at Red Clay

50. WILLIAM H. UNDERWOOD TO MAJOR BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Gainesville, 7 March 1836 On the efforts of John Howard Payne at the Red Clay council to prevent the negotiation of a treaty and on the activities of Principal Chief John Ross and his brother, Lewis

51. STEPHEN PAXSON. Manuscript document signed. 1 p. Dated 10 March 1836 A statement on John Howard Payne's treatment by the Georgia Guard while he was imprisoned at Spring Place and on his conduct at Knoxville after his release. The document is notarized by William N. Bishop, Clerk of the Superior Court, Murray County, Georgia

52. REVEREND J.T. SCHERMERHORN TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY, AGENT TO THE CHEROKEES EAST. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Washington, D.C., 14 March 1836 Relates a conversation with John Ridge and expresses the opinion that Samuel McConnell who passed in the Cherokee country for a secret agent of the government was "playing a double game" and that in reality he worked against the treaty negotiations at the Red Clay council

53. JAMES COWAN TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. l p. Dated Cowansville, Meigs County, Tennessee, 17 March 1836
On Judge Hugh L. White's official attitude toward suits for the recovery of reservations under the Cherokee treaty of 1817

54. SAMUEL FRAZIER TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Washington, B.C., 22 March 1836 On the disposition of the murder charges against the Cherokees, Foreman and Springston

55. SAMUEL WORKMAN TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Manuscript document signed. 2 pp. Dated Athens, Tennessee, 25 March 1836 Affidavit regarding McMinn County land cases involving Cherokee tribesmen and the indictment of Andrew Springston and James Foreman, Cherokee Indians, for the murder of John Walker, Jr., a surveyor for the State of Georgia

56. JOEL YANCEY TO MAJOR BENJAMIN F. CURREY, SUPERINTENDENT OF CHEROKEE REMOVALS. Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated Washington, D.C., 10 April 1836 On a rumor current among the Cherokees in 1834 that Senator Hugh L. White of Tennessee favored purchasing title to all Cherokee lands in Georgia "for the benefit of said Cherokees" --He believes that the rumor had prevented many Cherokees from enrolling for emigration.

57. J.H. FOREMAN TO BENJAMIN F. CURREY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Washington, D.C., 11 April 1836 Relates a conversation at Red Clay in which Samuel McConnell urged him to join the John Ross party and warned him against Currey, Schermerhorn, and John Ridge

58. BRIGADIER GENERAL JOHN E. WOOL. CHEROKEES: IT IS NEARLY A YEAR SINCE I FIRST ARRIVED IN THIS COUNTRY. . . . Printed broadside. Signed in autograph: John E. Wool.
An address urging the Cherokees to submit peaceably to deportation and warning them that the government will not protect them from white settlers after 25 May 1838

59. JOHN BROWDER (a Cherokee) TO THE CHEROKEE COMMITTEE NOW IN SESSION AT NEW ECHOTA. Manuscript document signed. 2 pp. Dated 3 September 1837
Petition for the recovery of the value of his ferry over the Tennessee River and other property there

60. JOHN KENNEDY AND THOMAS WILSON, U.S. COMMISSIONERS, AND NAT. SMITH, SUPERINTENDENT OF CHEROKEE REMOVAL. ADDRESS TO THE CHIEFS, HEAD-MEN AND PEOPLE OF THE CHEROKEE NATION. Athens, Tennessee, 1837 -- Printed broadside Headed: Athens Courier--Extra. Dated Cherokee Agency, 28 December 1837 A stern warning to the Cherokees that the deadline for peaceable emigration is fast approaching, and they will be removed by force of arms if necessary

Folder 4:
61. MAJOR GENERAL SCOTT, OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY, SENDS TO THE CHEROKEE PEOPLE REMAINING IN NORTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA, TENNESSEE, AND ALABAMA, THIS ADDRESS. Cherokee Agency, 1838. Printed broadside. Dated 10 May 1838 Announces his firm determination to remove the Cherokees by force -- "Will you, by flight, seek to hide yourselves in the mountains and forests, and thus oblige us to hunt you down?... I am an old warrior, and have been present at many a scene of slaughter; but spare me, I beseech you, the horror of witnessing the destruction of the Cherokees...."

62. GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT. ORDERS NO. 25. Cherokee Agency, 1838. Printed broadside. Signed in autograph by Winfield Scott and W.J. Worth, Chief of Staff. Dated Headquarters, Eastern Division, Cherokee Agency, Tennessee, 17 May 1838
This famous order promulgates the regulations governing U.S. troops in their removal of the Cherokees.

63. CHEROKEE NATION, GENERAL COUNCIL. Manuscript document signed. 3 pp. Dated Aquohee Camps, 26 July 1838 A resolution authorizing and empowering a committee headed by John Ross "to make and enter into any and all such arrangements with Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott on the part of the United States which they may deem necessary and proper for effecting the entire removal of the Cherokee people from the east to the west side of the Mississippi River" This is the original of this momentous document. It is signed "In behalf of all the people" by John Ross, Principal Chief; George Lowrey, Assistant Principal Chief; Lewis Ross and Edward Gunter, Executive Councillors; by Richard Taylor, President of the National Committee; Stephen Foreman, Clerk of the National Committee; Going Snake, Speaker of the National Council; and Jesse Bushyhead, Clerk of the National Council. The foregoing principals served also as signers in behalf of the 44 other leading men of the tribe whose names are subscribed to the document. The resolution is in the hand of the famous James D. Wafford who acted as Secretary of the Council and whose autograph signature appears immediately below that of Richard Taylor, President of the National Committee. This document is the original instrument of the final capitulation of the Cherokee people to the demands of the U.S. for their removal and as such a most dramatic and poignant document.

64. GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT TO PRINCIPAL CHIEF JOHN ROSS, J. BROWN, E. GUNTER, E. HICKS, SETEMAKE, WHITE PATH, AND R. TAYLOR. Autograph letter signed (copy). 2 pp. Dated Headquarters Eastern Division, Cherokee Agency, 25 August 1838 Regarding a contract for subsisting persons and horses in the removal --Scott expresses the hope that "your first detachment of emigrants will be able to set out at an early date."

65. SUPPOSED PLACES, FORTS, POSTS, ROUTES, AND DISTANCES IN THE CHEROKEE NATION, BY LIEUT. E.D. KEYS. 1838
The importance of this map with its wealth of detail can scarcely be exaggerated.

66. JOHN KENNEDY, COMMISSIONER. OPINION IN THE CASE OF THE WIDOW AND HEIRS OF DAVID MCNAIR, APPLICANTS FOR THE VALUE OF A RESERVATION UPON THE LANDS CEDED BY THE TREATY OF 29th DECEMBER, 1835. Athens, Tennessee, 1839 -- Printed broadside, Headed: Athens Courier, Athens, Tennessee, 22 February 1839 David McNair was a white man who had married into the tribe.

67. OLD SETTLER CHEROKEES, NATIONAL COUNCIL. A RESOLUTION OF THE OLD SETTLER COUNCIL DECLARING UNLAWFUL CERTAIN ACTS OF THE RIVAL JOHN ROSS GOVERNMENT. Manuscript document signed. 1 p.
The resolution, adopted in council at Takatoka, 5 November 1839, is signed in autograph by Alex Foreman, President of the Council, and is certified by Thomas Wilson, Secretary to the Chiefs; approved by John Rogers, Principal Chief; John Smith, Second Chief; and Dutch, Third Chief. The resolution is in the handwriting of and is signed by John Candy, Clerk of the National Council. John Candy was the first native Cherokee printer and before removal had worked as printer on the Cherokee Phoenix at New Echota.

68. JOHN HOWARD PAYNE. MEMORANDA. Holograph document with autograph signature in full. 19 pp. containing about 3,800 words. Dated Washington City, 10 July 1841
A masterful discussion of the history, present condition, and prospects of the Cherokee people and a strong recommendation that the government negotiate a new treaty with the tribe. Payne supports the views of the John Ross party that the New Echota treaty was fraudulently secured and thus illegal --When this document along with many other papers in the Hitchcock Collection were on loan to the Library of Congress, two or three paragraphs in it were copied by Grant Foreman and subsequently printed in one of his books. Except for those excerpts, the document is unpublished and has never, so far as is known, been copied in full.
A magnificent historical document wholly in the hand of one of the most famous of all the men whose names have been associated with the Cherokees

69. OOSOOTI (a Cherokee Indian) TO PIERCE M. BUTLER, CHEROKEE AGENT. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Webbers Falls, 25 January 1842
Oosooti was a member of the band of Cherokees who emigrated to Texas under the leadership of The Bowl in the early 1820s. Driven out by the Texans in 1840, they had rejoined their kinsmen in Indian Territory. Oosooti appeals on behalf of "the seventeen families numbering in all about one hundred souls" for "provisions for one year, some clothing, and cooking and farming implements." He promises that they will never again leave the limits of the United States. The letter was witnessed by Jesse Bushyhead, the famous Cherokee translator and Baptist preacher, who signed with his signature.

70. JAMES BROWN, RICHARD TAYLOR, YOUNG WOLF, AND JOHN LOONEY TO PIERCE M. BUTLER. Autograph letter signed. 1 p. Dated 4 May 1842
An answer by four prominent Cherokees who composed the Executive Council to the Cherokee agent's communication "relative to aggressions of one Indian or tribe on other Indians" and the government's recommendation of "a general understanding or international law between the Principal Tribes" -- David Carter signed as a witness.

71. CENSUS OF SKIN BAYOU DISTRICT, CHEROKEE NATION. Manuscript. 2 pp. Dated 15 April 1845

72. JOHN F. WHEELER TO COL. S.C. STAMBAUGH. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp. Dated Washington, City, 11 September 1846 On the evaluation of cleared land belonging to himself, to Elias Boudinot, and to War Club in the old nation in Georgia and on the livestock which he lost near New Echota at the time of removal because he was not permitted to search for the animals -- Stambaugh is referred to the testimony of Stand Watie. John P. Wheeler was a white man whose wife was a sister of Elias Boudinot and Stand Watie.

73. JUDGE BROWN (a Cherokee Indian) TO BROKEN CANOE, JUDGE WIND, AND OTHERS. Autograph letter signed. 3 pp. Dated Canadian District, 13 November 1846 Touches upon the quarrels within the Old Settler Party -- "I have heard at different times that you are very mad and it is your intention to kill me. This may be false. Should it be true I have thought it best for me not to see you until your madness is over, for I am not quite willing to die....I hope you will see better and think before hereafter. As to myself, I intend spending several months in the Buffaloe range."

74. D.W. BUSHYHEAD TO MAJOR HENRY. Autograph letter signed. 2 pp.
The future Principal Chief notifies the well-known Van Buren, Arkansas frontier merchant, that he has sold to Stephen Foreman his interest in the store at Park Hill formerly run by A. Foreman and himself.

75. JOHN ROSS, PRINCIPAL CHIEF. PROCLAMATION. Tahlequah, 1849. Printed broadside.
A call for a convention of the Cherokee people at Tahlequah, 7 November 1849.

76. JOHN ROSS, PRINCIPAL CHIEF, TO COLONEL MORRISON, U.S.A., COMMANDING FORT GIBSON. Autograph letter signed (copy, in Ross's hand). 2 pp.
The Principal Chief complains of the violent conduct of Lieutenant Henry stationed at the military post. The officer had threatened and even attempted to kill Wirt Fields, a Cherokee; had threatened to cowhide others; and had stirred up trouble at horse races.

77. JOHN ROSS, PRINCIPAL CHIEF, TO ROBERTSON BROWN, JUDGE OF THE DISTRICT COURT FOR SEQUOYAH DISTRICT. Autograph letter signed, l p.
Regarding settlement of the estate of Caleb Hunt, a Cherokee

78. CHEROKEE COUNCIL. Manuscript document signed. 2 pp. An act of the Council, adopted 24 October 1855, outlawing abolitionist teachings on the part of missionaries and forbidding the National Treasurer to residence or issue trade permits to known abolitionists -- Signed in autograph by Alex. Foreman, President of the National Council; Stand Watie, Speaker of the Council; W.P. Boudinot, Clerk of the Committee; and H.L. Martin, Clerk of the Council

79. JOHN ROSS, PRINCIPAL CHIEF. PROCLAMATION TO THE CHEROKEE PEOPLE. Tahlequah, 1861 Printed broadside in English and syllabary. Dated Park Hill, 17 May 1861

80. CHEROKEE NATION, COUNCIL (OF THE LOYAL OR ANTI-CONFEDERATE GOVERNMENT). AN ACT EMANCIPATING SLAVERY IN THE CHEROKEE NATION. Manuscript document. 3 pp. Dated Cowskin Prairie, Cherokee Nation, 20 February 1863
Signed: Lewis Downing, President pro tern, of the National Committee; J.B. Jones, Clerk of the National Committee; Spring Frog, Speaker of the Council; Thomas Pegg, Principal Chief -- The document is evidently in the handwriting of John B. Jones, Clerk of the National Committee and son of Evan Jones, the noted Baptist missionary.

Folder 5:
81. MAJOR GENERAL JAMES G. BLUNT. ADDRESS TO FELLOW SOLDIERS OF THE INDIAN BRIGADE. Fort Gibson, 1863 -- Printed broadside, text in Sequoyan syllabary and in Creek in the Roman alphabet. Dated Headquarters, Army of the Frontier, In the Field, Fort Blunt, (i.e. Fort Gibson), 14 July 1863
Accompanying the broadside is a contemporary manuscript translated into English. Publications jointly in Cherokee and Creek are so rare as to be almost unknown.

82. CHARLES THOMPSON, PRINCIPAL CHIEF, THANKSGIVING PROCLAMATION. Tahlequah, 1877 -- Printed broadside bearing a fine impression on bright green paper of the Cherokee national seal

83. D.W. BUSHYHEAD, PRINCIPAL CHIEF. THANKSGIVING PROCLAMATION. Tahlequah, 1882 -- Printed broadside with seal of the Cherokee Nation affixed

84. CHEROKEE FEMALE SEMINARY. RULES AND REGULATIONS. Tahlequah, 1882 --Printed broadside dated 13 February 1882

85. CHEROKEE MALE SEMINARY. RULES AND REGULATIONS. Tahlequah, 1882 -- Printed broadside, dated 13 February 1882

86. RICHARD M. WOLFE AND ROBERT B. ROSS. LETTER TO THE PRINCIPAL CHIEF. Tahlequah, 1883 -- Printed broadside; text in Sequoyan syllabary. The letter relates to the sale of Osage lands.

87. CHEROKEE GOSPEL TIDINGS. CHEROKEE HYMNS. n.d. Printed broadside; text in Sequoyan syllabary

88. A PRINTED BROADSIDE. 1906. In Sequoyan syllabary.

89. CHEROKEE NATION. Treaty between the United States of America and the Cherokee Nation of Indians west of the Mississippi. Concluded 14 February 1833, ratified 12 April 1834. 5 pp. folio; a fine copy of the rare folio printing

90. CHEROKEE NATION. Supplemental article to the Treaty of 19 July 1866, between the U.S. and the Cherokee Nation. Washington, 1868,- 6 pp. folio

91. GEORGIA LEGISLATURE. A BILL (to extend provisions of an earlier act disposing of lands in the Cherokee country by means of land and gold lotteries) Milledgeville, 1834. 4 pp. Dated 13 December 1834

92. MRS. J.W. (Kate Timberlake) WOLFE. A VOICE FROM THE INDIAN NATION. Gwenndale, Cherokee Nation, c. 1895. 8 pp. A brief history of the Cherokee with a description of their present state by the Cherokee wife of a missionary -- Published writings of native Cherokee women are of the very greatest rarity. No other copy appears to be known.

Folder 6:
93. D.W. BUSHYHEAD. First Annual Message of the Hon. D.W. Bushyhead, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, delivered at Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 10 November 1879. 9 pp.

94. D.W. BUSHYHEAD. First Annual Message, Second Term, of Hon. D.W. Bushyhead, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, delivered at Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 7 November 1882. 9 pp. Folded table; wrappers

95. D.W. BUSHYHEAD. Fourth Annual Message, Second Term, of the Hon. D,W. Bushyhead, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, delivered at Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 2 November 1886. Advocate Job Office, Cherokee Nation. 20 pp. Printed wrappers

96. BENJAMIN F. BUTLER, Washington, 1871. 14 pp. Printed wrappers. Argument (in brief) on the exemptions of the Cherokee Nation from internal taxation

97. DANIEL SABIN BUTTRICK. ANTIQUITIES OF THE CHEROKEE INDIANS. Vinita, 1884. 20 pp. Compiled from the collection of the Rev. Daniel Sabin Buttrick, their missionary from 1817 to 1847; printed wrappers. The author accompanied the Cherokees in the removal.

98. CHEROKEE ALMANAC FOR 1849. Park Hill: Mission Press, Edwin Archer, Printer. 1848. 36 pp.

99. CHEROKEE ALMANAC FOR 1854. Park Hill: Mission Press, 1853. 36 pp.

100. CHEROKEE BAPTIST ASSOCIATION. Minutes of the Cherokee Baptist Association held with the Tsu-wo-sto-ye Church, 14-17 September 1870. National Printing Office, Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 1870. 11 pp. The earliest known publication of Cherokee Baptist minutes.

101. CHEROKEE BAPTIST ASSOCIATION. Minutes of the eighth annual meeting of the Cherokee Baptist Association held with the Round Spring Baptist Church, Delaware District, Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, commencing Wednesday, 12 October 1876. National Book and Job Printing House, Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 1877. 11 pp. Printed wrappers

102. CHEROKEE BAPTIST ASSOCIATION. Minutes Of the eighth annual meeting, 1876. Tahlequah, 1877. 10 pp. Wholly in Sequoyan syllabary

103. CHEROKEE BAPTIST ASSOCIATION. ARTICLES OF FAITH. Tahlequah, 1880. Title and text wholly in Sequoyan syllabary

104. CHEROKEE BAPTIST ASSOCIATION. Minutes of the annual meeting, 1881. Tahlequah. 12 pp. Wholly in Sequoyan syllabary

Folder 7:
105. CHEROKEE DELEGATION. Report of the Cherokee Delegation of their mission to Washington in 1868 and 1869. Washington, 1869. 164 pp.; printed wrappers -- A thorough exploration of the Cherokee title to the Neutral Lands -- The North Carolina Cherokees claimed an interest in the immense tract, and pages 51-135 of the volume set forth their fully documented claims and arguments.

106. CHEROKEE DELEGATION. Protest Of the Cherokee Nation against a territorial government. Washington, 1871. 13 pp.

107. THE CHEROKEE MESSENGER. Cherokee Baptist Mission Press, Cherokee Nation, 1844-1858.
1844: Aug., Sept., Dec.
1845: Jan., Apr., July, Sept., Nov., Dec.
1846: May
1858: Sept.
Text wholly in Sequoyan syllabary. Probably the most nearly complete file in existence of this rare and valuable Cherokee periodical
The first series of The Cherokee Messenger was edited by the Rev. Evan Jones and Jesse Bushyhead, and the single number of the second series named John Buttrick Jones as editor.

108. CHEROKEE NATION. Constitution and Laws of the Cherokee Nation passed at Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 1839, Washington: Gales & Seaton, 1840. 36 pp. Printed wrappers; an inscribed presentation copy from John M. Ross --the first publication of the Cherokee constitution of 1839 and the first publication of Cherokee laws after removal

Box 2, Folder 1:
109. CHEROKEE NATION. Acts of the National
Council authorizing and directing the sale of Intruder Improvements. Tahlequah, 1896. 6pp. Printed wrappers

110. CHEROKEE NATION. Treaties between the U.S. and the Cherokee Nation from 1785. National Printing Office: Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 1870. Presentation copy inscribed by Charles Thompson, Principal Chief, and Wm. B, Erasmus, Executive Secretary -- This extremely well-edited volume contains all the Cherokee treaties with the U.S. from the first at Hopewell in 1785 with commissioners from the Continental Congress to the final supplementary treaty of 1868.

111. CHEROKEE NATION. Constitution and Laws. St. Louis, 1875. In syllabary

112. CHEROKEE NATION. Treaty of 1866 between the U.S. and the Cherokee Nation. New York, 1866. 24 pp., in syllabary -- This copy formerly belonged to John L. Springston, a well-known Cherokee lawyer, translator, and office holder.

113. CHEROKEE NATIONAL RAILWAY. "Whereas, the Cherokee Nation are the owners of all the lands in fee simple, patented by the United States...." Tahlequah, 1883. 12 pp. -- the proposed charter of the Cherokee National Railway

114. NEVADA COUCH. Pages from Cherokee Indian History as identified with Samuel Austin Worcester. St. Louis, 1884. 27 pp. with the rare extra leaf lacking from most copies

115. DWIGHT MISSION CHURCH. Confession of
Faith and Covenant of the Dwight Mission Church adopted at its organization 12 April 1822; adopted in its revised form 5 December 1846. Park Hill: Mission Press, Edwin Archer, Printer, 1849. 7 pp., wrappers, text in Sequoyan. syllabary The only copy known to be in existence.

116. GEORGIA LEGISLATURE. Report of the Committee to whom was referred so much of the Governor's Message as related to the enforcement of the law making it penal under certain restrictions for white men to reside within the limits of the Cherokee Nation. Milledgeville, 1832. 10 pp. The original edition accompanied by a modern facsimile reprint.

117. ABRAHAM LINCOLN. The President's Proclamation of Pardon and Amnesty in the Cherokee Language. Translated and printed at Fort Gibson, Cherokee Nation, by order of Col. Wm. A. Phillips, Commanding First Brigade, Army of the Frontier. 1863. 4 pp., text in Sequoyan syllabary -- doubly distinguished by its association with Abraham Lincoln and by its prime rarity as a Cherokee item

118. ISAAC McCOY. Remarks on the Practicability of Indian Reform, embracing their Colonization. New York, 1829. 71 pp., printed wrappers - - contains historic proposals highly significant to the Cherokees on Indian removal and colonization

119. JOHN MACKINTOSH. Receipts for the Cure of Most Diseases incident to the Human Family. By the celebrated Indian doctor, John Mackentosh of the Cherokee Nation. New York, 1827. 12 pp.

120. JOEL B. MAYES. Special message of Hon. J.B. Mayes, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, Monday 25 June 1888. 6 pp.

Folder 2:
121. JOEL B. MAYES. Annual message, 1888. Tahlequah. 23 pp., printed wrappers

122. S.H. MAYES. Fourth annual message of S.H. Mayes, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. Delivered at Tahlequah, Indian Territory, 8 November 1898. 9 pp., printed wrappers

123. WILLIAM C, ROGERS. First annual message of Hon. Wra. C. Rogers, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. Tahlequah, Indian Territory, 6 November 1903. 12 pp., printed wrappers

124. JOHN ROSS, THE PRINCIPAL CHIEF OF THE CHEROKEE NATION, TO A GENTLEMAN OF PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia, 1837. 40 pp. -- a famous review of the Cherokee question and a strong statement of the tribe's grievances against the U.S. government

125. JOHN ROSS. Message of the Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. Printed at the Cherokee Messenger office. Baptist Mission, Cherokee Nation, 1859. 8 pp.

126. MESSAGE OF THE PRINCIPAL CHIEF OF THE CHEROKEE NATION TO THE NATIONAL COUNCIL. Delivered 4 October 1860, Tahlequah. 16 pp. --An important message by Principal Chief John Ross on the eve of war; one of but two known copies

127. JOHN ROSS. Communication of the Delegates of the Cherokee Nation to the President of the U.S. submitting the Memorial of their National Council with correspondence between John Ross, Principal Chief, and certain officers of the Rebellious States. Washington, 1866. 48 pp., printed wrappers

128. ARGUMENTS ... IN OPPOSITION TO BILLS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE TO ESTABLISH THE TERRITORY OF OKLAHOMA. Washington, 1872. 15 pp. An able statement of the case by John Ross

129. WILLIAM P. ROSS. Remarks in opposition to the Bill to organize the Territory of Oklahoma. Washington, 1874. 30 pp., printed wrappers

130. A STATEMENT OF THE INDIAN RELATIONS with a Reply to the article in the...North American Review. on the Removal of the Indians. New York, 1830. 21 pp.

131. Twenty-one page booklet in SYLLABARY (no translation)

132. CHEROKEE CITIZENSHIP and A Brief History of the Internal Affairs in the Cherokee Nation, 1895

133. WILLIAM WIRT. An Opinion on the Claims for Improvements, by the State of Georgia on the Cherokee Nation, under the Treaties of 1817 and 1828. New Echota; printed for the Cherokee Nation at the Office of the Cherokee Phoenix and Indians' Advocate. John F. Wheeler, printer, 1830-- One of the very rare examples of New Echota printing

Folder 3:
134. SAMUEL A. WORCESTER. Cherokee Hymns, compiled from several authors and revised. Sixth edition. Park Hill: Mission Press, John Candy, printer. 1841. Text in syllabary

135. SAMUEL A. WORCESTER AND ELIAS BOUDINOT. Cherokee Hymns, compiled from several authors and revised. New Echota: J.F. Wheeler and J. Candy, printers. 1833. Text in syllabary; one of the rarest of all Cherokee items

136. SAMUEL A. WORCESTER, translator. Genesis. Park Hill: Mission Press, Edwin Archer, printer. 1856. 173 pp. Original folded sheets, uncut and unopened

137. SAMUEL A. WORCESTER, translator. Exodus. Translated into the Cherokee language. Park Hill: Mission Press, Edwin Archer,
printer. 1853. 152 pp., original folded sheets, uncut and unopened

138. SAMUEL A. WORCESTER, translator. Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Park Hill, 1850. In syllabary

Box 3:
139. CHEROKEE NATION. The Act Of Union between the Eastern and Western Cherokees, the Constitution and amendments, and the Laws of the Cherokee Nation passed during the session of 1868 and subsequent sessions. Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation: National Press, Edwin Archer, printer. 1870. 100 pp.

140. CHEROKEE NATION. Laws and Joint Resolutions of the National Council, passed and adopted at the Extra and Regular Sessions of 1872. John Doubletooth, printer. Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 1873. 61 pp.

141. CHEROKEE NATION. Compiled Laws of the Cherokee Nation. Published by authority of the National Council. Tahlequah, Indian Territory: National Advocate Print. 1881

142. CHEROKEE NATION. Laws and Joint Resolutions of the Cherokee Nation, enacted by the National Council during the Regular and Extra sessions of 1884, 1885, 1886. E.G. Boudinot, Jr., printer. Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation, 1887

Box 4:
143. BERNIE & MAYER, FORT SMITH, ARKANSAS. Manuscript account book, 1843-1848. 277 pp. With a contemporary record of Sequoyah's widow
A document throwing valuable light on the economic life of the Cherokee people in the first decade after removal -- Among the scores of accounts (some of them famous men such as Gen. Zachary Taylor, Capt. J.J. Bonneville, and Gen. Matthew Arbuckle) of this well-known frontier trading firm are to be found itemized accounts with about thirty-five Cherokees, of whom the following may be singled out for special mention: Mrs. George Guess (the widow of Sequoyah); John Jolly, the Western Cherokee Principal Chief (whose account is marked "settled by death"); Cucumber Jack; George Lowrey; Swimmer Vann; Hiram Bunch; Fodder; several members of the well-known Benge family; Rainstopper; Old Stuton (whose account marked "settled by death"); Broken Canoe, and John F. Wheeler, a white man married to a sister of Stand Watie and Elias Boudinot and formerly printer of the Cherokee Phoenix at New Echota.

144. CHEROKEE NATION. Constitution and Laws of the Cherokee Nation. Published by Authority of the National Council. St. Louis: R.& T.A. Ennis, 1875. 284 pp.

145. "THE UNDERSIGNED MEMBERS OF THE CHEROKEE TRIBE BEING DESIROUS TO REMOVE WEST OP THE MISSISSIPPI DO HEREBY voluntarily accept the terms and conclusions of the Treaty made and concluded at New Echota on the 29th Day of December 1835 and ratified May 23rd 1836 and bind themselves to remove to their new homes according to the time affixed to their names, provided the United States will faithfully execute the Treaty in providing them with transportation, subsistence, etc. 27th June 1837." Manuscript document, 3 pp. Evidently a contemporary copy, perhaps an official one, it does not contain the signatures of the enrolles.
This extremely important roll contains 57 names, some of them among the most prominent in the tribe: Major Ridge, Archilla Smith, John Fields, Sr., John Fields, Jr., Ground Mole, Bear Meat, Archy Rowe, John Hawkins, Big Milk, Tecatoca (Takatoka), George Downing, Archy Downing, Wrinklesides, Rain Crow, Jackson Mankiller, Bear in the Tree, Thomas Watie, and James Brown--to name but a few. The roll serves also as a census and record for each family: the number of males over eighteen, the number of males under eighteen, the number of females over sixteen, the number of females under sixteen, the number of male slaves, the number of female slaves, and the number of whites connected by marriage.

Catalog type

Dates of Creation

1730 - 1906

Title

Hargrett Collection

Collection

Museum of the Cherokee Indian

People

Hargrett, Lester.

Subjects

Hargrett, Lester.
Hymns.

Lexicon category

8: Communication Artifact